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DMPS Challenge DMPS (Sodium 2,3-dimercaptopropane-l-sulfonate)
is a sulfuric acid salt with free SH-groups that forms complexes
with heavy metals such as mercury, cadmium, arsenic, lead, copper,
silver, tin, and others. This agent was first developed in China,
was then introduced in Russia (used for workers injured by exposure
to heavy metals) , and went from there to West Germany. Professor
Max Daunderer, M.D., in Munich published a number of papers on the
use of DMPS1,2. He found that DMPS is the ideal agent to detox patients
that have suffered from amalgam toxicity after the fillings have
been removed. Intravenous DMPS leads to dumping of large amounts
of heavy metals through the kidneys. 50% are excreted during the
six hours following the shot, 90% after 24 hours. Oral DMPS leads
to excretion of heavy metals mostly via the stool, but has been
in our experience much less effective. DMPS has been proven to be
the ideal agent to "clean" the kidneys of heavy metal residues and
improve kidney function in patients that have been exposed to heavy
metals 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13,14 .
DMPS is available in 250 mg/5 cc ampules from
ApotheCure, contact Gary Osborn, R Ph, CCN, at 1-800-969-6601. The
24-hour urine heavy metal analysis is performed through Dr's Data
in Chicago (telephone #: 1-800-323-2784).
Intravenous DMPS should not be used in patients
that still have silver amalgam fillings. DMPS seems to appear in
the saliva and dissolves the surfaces of the existing amalgam fillings.
This process occurs over a series of several days. However, the
blood concentration of DMPS lessens very quickly. Therefore, the
patient with amalgam fillings can become acutely toxic from heavy
metal injury to the mucosa of the gut following a DMPS shot. The
DMPS should be given however immediately after the last amalgam
filling in the patient's mouth has been removed.
Through the use of neural kinesiology testing,
we have found that the kidneys, the liver, and the brain typically
get stressed quite a bit approximately one week after the DMPS shot
when "new" heavy metal is moving from intracellular to extracellular.
Therefore, the mercury that comes out after the first DMPS shot
represents only recent exposure, further injections will eventually
get the slow body pools15.
The cells start "joyfully" dumping the heavy metal
content into the connective tissue. However, if DMPS is not given
again within a reasonable period of time, the heavy metals are redistributed
again back from extracellular to intracellular. Extracellular heavy
metals cause symptoms such as pain, burning, gut problems, and most
other known heavy metal related symptoms. If they are intracellular,
the patient appears to be asymptomatic, but his immune system is
malfunctioning on a deep level leading to more serious disease later
on. When the heavy metal analysis comes back negative, one can often
still find "nests" of heavy metal toxicity in various tissues using
neural kinesiology. The patient will then benefit from further injection
of DMPS locally using the neural therapy approach (segmental injections,
paravertebral injections, autonomic ganglion blocks with lidocaine
and a small amount of DMPS -10 parts lidocaine, 1 part DMPS) . If
the DMPS is given often enough, the clinical improvements of patients
are dramatic and often miraculous. If DMPS is given too few times,
the patient will sometimes not experience any lasting clinical improvement
(since the heavy metal burden of the body is not yet sufficiently
decreased). The most consistent observation that we have made is
that each patient treated several times with DMPS seems to become
biologically younger (hair grows back, skin looks more supple and
rosy, lab parameters shift back to normal) . Chronic pain and neurological
disease appear to be the most gratifying indications. Even though
DMPS does not cross the blood brain barrier, major improvements
in neurological disease are often seen. This is easily explained
through the laws of osmosis: If the connective tissue and vascular
system is free of heavy metals and the brain and nervous system
has a high heavy metal burden, given enough time, the heavy metals
will shift from the brain into the other tissues where the body
can excrete them. However, we like to finish the treatment (when
no more heavy metals are detected through the urine challenge test)
with a three day regimen of DMSA. The patient is given 250 mg capsules
of DMSA: Take two capsules three times a day for three days in a
row. Patients can experience severe side effects with DMSA-due to
the tremendous shift of minerals within the nervous system caused
by this agent. We have found that moderate amounts of alcohol such
as wine or beer counteract some of these side effects. We also recommend
that each patient undergoing the DMPS treatment is on the Williams/Klinghart
detox program (Chlorella, antioxidants, etc.). Recently, we have
found that moderate doses of odorless garlic appear to tremendously
help the excretion of heavy metals while the patient is undergoing
this intense detox program. Saunas, exercise, and colonics are also
helpful.
Even though DMPS has a high affinity for mercury,
the highest affinity appears to be for copper and zinc2, which are
the metals that appear first in high levels in the urine. The "normal"
urine challenge test will show high copper levels and low manganese
levels. I consider someone only copper toxic if his/her level is
more than fourfold the upper limit of the reference range. If the
patient has a high body burden of these metals, no mercury comes
out with the first test. Only subsequent DMPS tests will show the
mercury. As long as there is a high body burden of mercury, virtually
none of the other heavy metals are coming out. Only as the mercury
level starts to drop, does the lead, nickel, silver, cadmium, and
so on appear in the urine. This is important to understand: As different
heavy metals appear in the urine test at different times, so do
the patient's symptoms change while going through the detox. The
ideal book that describes the symptoms caused by toxicity from any
of the particular heavy metals are the old standard texts in homeopathy
such as "The Materia Medica with Repertory" from Boericke. One can
read up the particular "symptom picture" of nickel toxicity, silver
toxicity, copper toxicity, etc.
Currently in the U.S.A., the University of Arizona
is conducting experiments using DMPS20.
CURRENT PROTOCOL:
Our protocol is similar to the one developed by
German toxicologist, Max Daunderer, M.D.2,19.
On the day of the last amalgam removal, the first
treatment is given. In patients that had the amalgam taken out months,
years, or decades before, this diagnostic test and treatment method
should still be used as soon as the problem of heavy metal toxicity
is suspected.
The content of the ampule (or 3 mg/kg body weight)
is drawn up into a 5 cc syringe and slowly injected into the patient
with a 25 gauge butterfly over a 5 minute period of time (1 cc per
minute). The patient is then asked to collect all urine for 24 hours
in the container provided by Dr's Data. On the lab slip, the doctor
has to mark off the following urine tests: "special mercury" and
"elements". The patient will fill the provided mailing tube with
a sample from the urine collected over the 24-hour period. After
voiding the first urine into the container, the provided ampule
of nitric acid is added to the urine in the container. The patient
is responsible for the mailing of his own urine. A mailing container
is provided by Dr's Data. Paravenous infiltration of DMPS is harmless,
but creates an itching sensation at the injection site for half
an hour or so. DMPS appears to clear the vascular system and the
connective tissue of heavy metals. However, as the connective tissue
becomes "cleaned up" more heavy metals move from the intracellular
space into the extracellular space (if the body burden of heavy
metals is high) . Therefore the following reactions are often seen:
The patient feels better for several days after the injection, then
starts feeling bad again. Often the patient will have a feeling
of "emptiness in his head" and difficulty concentrating for a few
days. I attribute this to a lack of "good minerals" in his system.
No mineral supplements should be given 24 hours before and 48 hours
after the test. Otherwise DMPS will bind to calcium, magnesium,
and other "good" minerals and not get to the mercury. The urine
test results come back after three weeks or so. The patient is instructed
to come back after four weeks. If any of the toxic metals are elevated
above normal or mercury excretion is more than 1 mcg/24 hours, the
next injection is given. I recommend to repeat the urine test at
the time of the third shot (two months after beginning of treatment).
By mobilizing mercury, copper, nickel, etc. from the intracellular
space to the extracellular space and from there out of the system,
the heavy metal related symptoms of the patient can be temporarily
aggravated (i.e. joint pains, depression, fatigue, etc.) . However,
this is transient. In my experience, the patient will always feel
better within three to four weeks following the shot (that means
better than before beginning of treatment). In my experience, dentists
have required six to eight treatments to get the heavy metal burden
down to "normal". They then require a shot every four to six months
or so to stay current. Alternately, they can use oral chelation
with chlorella (8 caps/day). People that had exposure to amalgam
through their fillings will typically require three to five injections.
People that have never had amalgam fillings, but show evidence or
suspicion of heavy metal toxicity through other sources typically
require one to two injections.
I have not observed any serious side effects.
Side effects are occasionally observed such as temporary lowering
of blood pressure, allergic reactions, and skin rashes. DMPS is
not mutagenic16 , seems to have no teratogenic effects, and is not
carcinogenic2. Max Daunderer, MD, prefers the Russian made version
of DMPS called Unithiol, which comes in a 5 ml 500 mg ampule. This
agent is preferably injected intramuscularly, half ampule in each
buttock. The excretion of heavy metals caused through this approach
is much more gradual than after the IV DMPS and not suitable to
use in conjunction with the urine challenge test. However, it is
good to use this approach at times when no urine test is planned
for. I am not aware of sources for Unithiol in the U.S.A. However,
in Europe this agent is much less costly than the German made product18.
I firmly believe at this point in time that there
are no alternatives to the DMPS treatment. I have not seen any clear
evidence that any of the other proposed detox programs result in
the same clinical improvements including the use of DMSA, BAL, and
D-penicillamine2. Chlorella speeds up the cleaning-up process, but
can temporarily lead to detox-related unpleasant symptoms. Chlorella
seems to be the ideal agent to stay current with a low toxic metal
burden and helps to survive these times of toxic overexposure from
so many different sources.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
- Daunderer, M.,
"DMPS -DMSA Test and Treatment", II-3.2 in: Handbuch der Unweltgifte,
Ecomed, 1991, Tox Center, Weinstr. 11, 8000 Misenchen 2, Germany.
- Daunderer, M.,
"Improvement of Nerve and Immunological Damages After Amalgam
Removal", American Journal of Probiotic Dentistry and Medicine,
January 1991.
- Aaseth, J., Alexander,
J., Raknerud, N.; (1982); Treatment of mercuric chloride poisoning
with dimercaptosuccinic acid and diuretics: preliminary studies;
J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. 19 (2) 173-186 (1982).
- Battistone, G.C.,
Miller, R.A., Rubin, M.; (1977) ; The use of 2,3 dimercaptopropane
sodium sulfonate (DMPS) in mercury chelation therapy. pp. 221-4;
In: Brown SS, ed. Clinical chemistry and chemical toxicology of
metals. Amsterdam, Elsevier/North-Holland, 1977. W1 De998T v.1
1977.
- Diamond, G.L.,
Klotzbach, J.M., Stewart, J.R.; (1988); Complexing activity of
2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonate and its disulfide auto-oxidation
product in rat kidney. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 246 (1) 270-274
(1988).
- Eybl, V., Sykora,
J., Drobnik, J., Svec, F., Benes, M., Stamberh, J., Peska, J.;
(1985a); Influence of metal-complexing polymers on the retention
and distribution of cadmium and mercury in mice. Plzen. Lek. Sborn.
49 (Suppl.) 169-172 (1985).
- Gabard, B.,; (1976a);
The excretion and distribution of inorganic mercury in the rat
as influenced by several chelating agents; Arch. Toxicol. 35 (1)
15-24 (1976).
- Gabard, B.,; (1976b);
Improvement of oral chelation treatment of methylmercury poisoning
in rats; Acta. Pharmacol. Toxicol. (Copenh). 39 (2) 250-255 (1976).
- Gabard, B.,; (1976c)
; Treatment of methylmercury poisoning in the rat with sodium
2, 3 dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonate: Influence of dose and mode
of administration; Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 38 415-424 (1976).
- Hursh, J. B., Clarkson,
T. W., Nowak, T. V., Pabico, R. C., McKenna, B. A., Miles, E.,
Gibb, F. R.; (1985); Prediction of kidney mercury content by isotope
techniques; Kidney Int. 27 (6) 898-907 (1985).
- Kostial, K., Kargacin,
B., Blanusa, M., Landeka, M.; (1984); The effect of 2,3-dimercaptopropane
sodium sulfonate on mercury retention in rats in relation to age;
Arch. Toxicol. 55 (4) 250-252 (1984).
- Planas-Bohne, F.;
(1981a); The effect of 2,3 dimercaptopropane-l-sulfonate and dimercaptosuccinic
acid on the distribution and excretion of mercuric chloride in
rats; Toxicology. 19 (3) 275-278 (1981).
- Planas-Bohne, F.;
(1981b); The influence of chelating agents on the distribution
and biotransformation of methylmercuric chloride in rats; J. Pharmacol.
Exp. Ther. 217 (2) 500-504 (1981).
- Wannag, A., Aaseth,
J.; (1980); The effect of immediate and delayed treatment with
2, 3 -dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonate on the distribution and toxicity
of inorganic mercury in mice and in the foetal and adult rats;
Acta. Pharmacol. Toxicol. (Copenh). 46 (2) 81-88 (1980).
- Molin, M., Sch:utz
A., Skerfving S., S:allsten G.; Mobilized mercury in subjects
with varying exposure to elemental mercury vapour; Int. Arch.
Occup. Environ. Health; VOL 63, ISS 3, 1991, P187-92.
- Leuschner, F.;
(1981) ; Mutagenicity evaluation of DMPS in the Ames Salmonella/Microsome
plate test; Unpublished results.
- Planas-Bohne, F.,
Gabard, B., Schaffer, E. H.; (1980); Toxicological studies on
sodium 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonate in the rat; Arzneimittelforschung.
30 (8) 1291-1294 (1980).
- Heyl-chemisch Pharmazentische
Fabrik; DMPS (Dimaval) -Information on insert; Goerzallee 253,
Berlin 37, Germany.
- Daunderer, M.;
Improvement of Nerve and Immunological Damages; American Journal
of Probiotic Dentistry & Medicine Jan-March 1991; reprints available;
telephone # (408) 659-5385.
- Aposhian, H. V.,
Bruce, D. C., Alter, W., Dart, R.C., Hurlbut, K. M., Aposhian,
M.; Urinary mercury after administration of 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonic
acid: correlation with dental amalgam score; University Department
of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Department of Pharmacology;
Section of Emergency Medicine; Department of Surgery; Department
of pharmacology and Toxicology; University of Arizona, Tucson,
Arizona 87521, USA; Associated in General Dentistry, 2141 North
Beverly, Tucson, Arizona 85712, USA; and BIOMETALS, P.0. Box 42482,
Tucson, Arizona, 85733, USA; in FASEB, 1993.

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